北京市海淀区2023-2024高三上学期期中练习英语试题含答案内容：
海淀区2023一2024学年第一学期期中练习高三英语2023.11本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题：每小题15分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。On a sunny afternoon,Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago’s 69th Street station.The20-year-old,who worked nights in a grocery store,was on his way to see his 1.On the platform,something unthinkable happened:a man fell over the edge and onto the electrifiedtrain tracks!As Perry and other horrified passengers watched,he shook uncontrollably as the2 moved through his hody.、Help him!、someone cried.、Please,someone!、Perry couldn’t just stand there and 3.He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himselfdown.4 all rails between the man and him were electrified,he quickly leaped towards the victim,using a high-knee technique from his high school foothall days.Perry soon reached down and grasped the victim’s wrist.5,he felt a powerful electric shockshoot through his body.Perry jumped back.He reached down a second time,and was shocked again.But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm,and managed to move the guy’s body awayfrom the 6.、Give him chest compressions!、yelled an old lady on the platform.Perry was no expert,but for a few moments he worked on the man’s heart until the victimregained 7.Then,first-aiders arrived.Perry let the professionals 8.Heart still racing fromthe electric shocks,he climbed hack up onto the platform,grabbed his things and continued on to hisgrandfather’s.The evening news reported the incident,9 an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life.Tomany,Perry’s 10 deeds demonstrated the power of choosing compassion over personal safety.1.A.managerB.clientC.grandfatherD.aunt2.A.currentB.oxygenC.waveD.bloodtheir environment and the discrimination of others than by their actual disability.As those conversationsshifted,I realized that there was an opportunity to use technology to steer the narrative for futuregenerations.In July 2022.I decided to trial the hand.The role of patient advocate is an enormous privilege.Through sharing my journey.I’m able toreach thousands of other people who would benefit from its extraordinary capabilities.That’s why Iwear a bionic hand-not because I’m broken,but because I have an opportunity to enhance the humancapabilities that already exist.24.The author developed a love for all sports becauseA.she was longing for fameB.sports gave her self-confidenceC.she wanted to defeat her disabilityD.her prosthetic device empowered her25.From Purdy and Vujicic,the author leamedA.more people acknowledged their limitsB.the disabled needed a friendlier environmentC.social media allowed the disabled opportunitiesD.technology shifted people’s attitudes to disability26.Which of the following words can best describe the author?A.Intelligent and brave.B.Warm-hearted and patient.C.Responsible and strong-willed.D.Independent and innovative.27.From the passage,we learn that one shouldA.maximize one’s abilities by embracing realityB.build one’s social circle with optimismC.stick to one’s goal to achieve successD.take it easy in difficult situationsCDemanding days seem designed to test our self-control.We all need to rely on willpower toavoid short-term temptations and override unwanted thoughts or impulses ()The prevailingpsychological theory proposed that willpower resembled a kind of battery.With each exercise of self-control,you exhausted this resource.Without a chance to recharge.that resource ran low,making itharder to maintain self-control.This process was known as、ego depletion、.In 2010.however,psychologist Veronika Job published a study that questioned the foundationsof 、ego depletion、theory,with some interesting evidence that ego depletion depended on people’sunderlying beliefs.In the study.Job divided participants into two categories:those with a、limited、view of willpower and those with a 、non-limited、view of willpower,hased on a prior questionnaire.Shethen gave the participants some standard laboratory tests examining mental focus,which was consideredto depend on the reserves of willpower.The study found that people with a limited mindset tended toperform exactly as ego depletion theory would predict but the non-limited individuals did not,whichindicated that people’s beliefs about willpower could be self-fulfilling prophecies ()Those whobelieved willpower was easily depleted saw their self-control decrease,while those who believed in、mental stamina ()experienced no ego depletion.Subsequent debates about the reliability of the laboratory tests of ego depletion emerged,butJob’s work demonstrated that mindset significantly impacted real-life outcomes.Her follow-up studyrevealed that after completing demanding tasks,most participants recovered to some degree overnight,but those with non-limited mindsets actually experienced an increase in their productivity the followingday,as if energized by the extra pressure.If you already have a non-limited mindset ahout willpower,these findings might be a cause for self-satisfaction.For those with limited mindsets,hope is not lost.Learning about this science can help shiftbeliefs.Sharing this knowledge with others can further consolidate this shift.Moreover,recollectingtimes of engaging in taxing yet enjoyable tasks naturally shifts people’s beliefs toward non-limitedmindsets,as they see proof of their own mental stamina.To provide yourself with further evidence,you can conduct small self-control tests.As you realize your willpower’s growth,you’ll find resistingtemptations and distractions easier.While immediate miracles aren’t guaranteed,perseverance will lead to a changed mindset andincreased self-control,propelling actions toward personal goals.28.、Ego depletion、theory shows that willpowerA.helps control our impulsesB.reduces after exercising self-controlC.is a test of your characterD.is like a chargeable battery29.What can we learn from Job’s two studies?A.Extra pressure hoosts mental focus.B.Demanding tasks reduce mental focus.C.Reserves of willpower depend on mental focus.D.The change of mental focus relies on one’s mindset.30.Which of the following can build non-limited mindsets?A.Picturing your ideal university.B.Doing homework in front of a TV.C.Sharing science knowledge with friends.D.Recalling mastering a challenging piano piece.Climate experts are having a debate:they are asking whether the UK should focus more on adaptingto climate change or trying to prevent it.David Frost holds that preventing climate change is no longer an option,given the extent to whichthe Earth now appears certain to heat up.Despite the many policies which attempt to stop climatechange.it now seems unavoidable that the world will pass the 1.5C or 2C increases in average globaltemperature that are likely to induce large changes in the climate.David Frost is right in that our economies are growing so much slower than we had anticipated.Our emissions can drop if we reduce emissions per unit of GDP we create-but they can also drop ifthe GDP is lower.Lower growth means it is more feasible (for us to achieve targets such as NetZero,but it also makes it less environmentally urgent to achieve those targets so soon,because we areand have heen emitting a lot less carbon than we had anticipated.The UK authority finds the debate about adaptation difficult.Partly,it is because some activistsclaim that adaptation is not feasible.They say that climate change will end human civilization.potentially leading to the entire extinction of the human race.However,the mainstream view of many scientists and economists,who work on climate change,is that global warming could lead to large changes in our environment.Significant parts of the worldcurrently heavily populated could become effectively uninhabitable while other parts currentlyunsuitable for high-density human habitation would become more habitable.Meanwhile,at highertemperatures both climate and weather are likely to hecome more volatile-including increasedfrequency of storms,flooding and other weather events.These would be significant changes,but it would be perfectly feasible for humans to adapt to them.The issue is not whether adapting would be technically feasible,but whether it would be desirable eitherin ethical or practical terms.Are we willing to accept a materially warmer world,with humans living indifferent parts of it?Are we willing to accept the possible extinctions of certain species and the greaterflourishing of those currently less successful and of new species yet to evolve?Are we willing to acceptthe consequences of a large shift in the patterns of human habitation across the world?It is by no means clear on what basis we ought to ethnically privilege the plants and animals thatflourish under today’s climate over those that would flourish under a warmer,more volatile climate.However,adaptation will be feasible and is a necessity given the extent to which warming is nowunavoidable.Slower GDP growth and thus slower climate change ought to make greater efforts atadaptation more attractive.
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