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1、高考英语语法虚拟语气知识讲解虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。一、真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。各种结构参见下表：【例】If he comes, he will bring his violin.如果他来，会带小提琴来的。【典型例题】The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rainB.rainsC.rainedD.is rained答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。【注意】1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going

2、 to表示将来，该用shall, will.（错）If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.（对）If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will）+动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。二、非真实条件句虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。1.与现在事实相反的假设【例】If they were here, they would help you.如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。含义They are not her

3、e, they cant help you.2.与过去事实相反的假设【例】If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。含义He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.3.表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想【例】If you succeeded, everything would be all right.如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。If you should succeed, everythi

4、ng would be all right.If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.含义You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is now.三、混合条件句有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句、从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。【例】If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。（从句与过去事实

5、相反，主句与现在事实相反。）If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。四、虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should, 或had时, 可省略if，再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。【例】Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。Had you come earlier,

6、you would have met him.=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。【注意】在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。【例】If I were you, I would go to look for him.如果我是你，就会去找他。If he were here, everything would be all right.如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。【典型例题】_

11.“嫦五号”测着落月球前的运动轨道示图如图所示,“嫦五号船轨说工运动到严点时点火减速,之后沿轨道Ⅱ动,再次运动到点时点火减速,之后沿近月(到片球表面约距离不计)轨道小运动,月球的半径为R,物道上的远月点到用心的距离为3R,娥五号”在轨道Ⅱ上运行的周期为工,引力常量为Gn下列说法正确的是A.月球的质量为32e^2hGTB.月球质量为108x^2R^2GT^2C.月球表五的力加速度大小为y132^2RI^2D.月球表面的重力加速度大小为16^2Ry^7

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